Definition Of Human Sexuality Within Our Group - 969 Words

Today in class I was amazed at the many different terminologies I thought I knew but learned I did not actually know the true definition of. During the morning activity of defining human sexuality within our group, I learned that everyone’s definition of human sexuality is different. I define human sexuality as defining who you are sexually, your gender, and who you are attracted to. Some of my classmates defined it as your sexual orientation, the physical and mental connection you have with one person or more than one person. I did agree with the group that human sexuality could also be defined by your culture, societal influences and norms, and biological factors. â€Å"Culture takes our sexual interests-our incitements or inclinations to act sexually and molds and shapes them, sometimes celebrating sexuality and other times condemning it† (Sayad Yarber. 2013, p.14). In my culture, females are to wait to have sex until they are married, and if they do have sex prior to marriage they are looked down upon. Male that have sex prior to marriage are looked as being a conqueror of females and are cheered at amongst other males. This is not the case in other cultures. The Mangaia of Polynesia both sexes begin to learn what sexual arousal and pleasure is during early adolescence. At the ages of 13 and 14 boys are taught how to please the girls by using erotic kissing, fondling of the breast, and how to bring the girl to have multiple orgasms. Two weeks after the teachings,Show MoreRelatedReading Gayle Rubin s Thinking Sex : Notes For A Radical Theory Of The Politics Of Sexuality1287 Words   |  6 PagesNotes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality†, I was fascinated by the concept of sex as a complex social system worth discussing so I made a collage to represent my interpretation of America’s understanding of sex. The collage focuses on the tension created by sex appeal, the aesthetics of sex, being presented as a version of natural taste and sexuality, the act of sex, being presented as a natural fact. The two aspects of sex’s definition of nature becomes a double standard. Sex appeal’sRead MoreMen Who Have Sex With Men Essay1476 Words   |  6 Pages Sexuality is historically rooted vacillating through out time, adjusting to the individuals personal experience and is influenced by cultural norms. In the United States, sexual behavior and attitudes are driven by variations in gender, social class, ethnicity, and religion. In fact, sexuality is fluid and is different for everyone. It is a unique, diverse, complicated, secretive, and puzzling experience that is always changing. In essence sex is queer. In examining the definition of sexualRead MoreThe United Nations Universal Human Rights Essay1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights stands as the current gold standard for every individual’s rights. Focusing on culture, one may see that cultural rights are not clearly defined and are oftentimes in conflict with other types of rights. In this paper, I will first discuss the United Nations’ use of ‘cultural’ in its universal human rights in relation to the concept of cultural relativism. Then, using South African and American practices, such as virginity testing and discriminatoryRead MoreThe Human Mind And Behavior As Individuals And Small Groups984 Words   |  4 PagesA. Unlike psychology which focuses on leaning the human mind and behavior as individuals and small groups, sociology is the course to study human social relations and the society itself. Sociology focuses on explaining societal behavior by studying how gender, race, social classes, religion, socioeconomic status, and sexuality can associate with the overall culture. Example of sociology, social stratification, sociology will lean about how social stratification is formed and how it divides the peopleRead MoreDoes Sex Sell?986 Words   |  4 Pagesappeal for our sexuality to our human instincts. Sexuality is both an attribute and constitutive (Cenzon, 2008). According to Thomas Hobbes (n.d.), â€Å"Man is a collection of base, animal urges. To act on them and experience sinful pleasures would be morally no different from taking a breath.† In a word, since â€Å"sexual desire is an instinctive reaction in animals† (Taflinger, 1996) and we are a collection of animal urges. There is something natural and innate, similar to animals, for human beings toRead More Anthropology and Gender Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pagesof the more egalitarian fields of study, it was dominated by white, Western males who focused primarily on the study of men within a society. The women seen in fieldwork were merely identified in regard to their gender specific roles, something these feminist anthropologists hoped to rectify. Those women deserved to be accurately portrayed for the part they played in the human experience. The 1960’s and 70’s belonged to a tumultuous period in American history, characterized by an array of social andRead MoreUnderstanding Gender Identity and Sexuality1083 Words   |  5 Pagesused interchangeably, the two words have significantly different definitions. One could argue that sex refers to biological essentialism and the idea that we are who we are because of our genetic material. On the other hand, gender is associated with the social constructionist theory, which argues that the way we are is dependent on our race, class, and sexuality. Because each person is different in their race, class, and sexuality, their gender becomes socially constructed. To argue that genderRead MoreHomosexualiy and the Catholic Church Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesis not good for the human person, and that homosexuality is a lifestyle that can never respond to the deepest longings of the human heart. But Sir Elton, who is openly homosexual, dismissed the views as ill informed . Cardinal Winning, and his ignorance, is totally representative of why people are turning away from the Church, he said. I am astonished to be told by Cardinal Winning that my sexuality is not good for me. As a gay man I am perfectly happy with my sexuality and my life. I can honestlyRead MoreIntersex Narratives1493 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Intersex Narratives: A Critical Analysis of the Social Construction of Sexuality Victoria Fulton 06322084 GNDS 215 TA: Aarzoo Singh October 15th, 2013 A binary model of sex is a seemingly universal truism for many, despite â€Å"human and animal biology calling this distinction into question† (Karkazis 2008:31). This example and belief of two distinct sexes is a concept that is quite obvious and natural to most individualsRead MoreA Refutation of an Argument by William J Bennett on Recognizing Same-Sex Marriage1749 Words   |  7 Pageswho desire to marry and in situations where groups of individuals desire polygamous marriages. According to Bennett, if the basis of recognizing gay marriage is the notion of not denying a persons sexuality, all of those types of relationships are also entitled to legal recognition. Of course, that is a flawed argument because it presumes that proponents of gay marriage oppose any restriction on who may marry based on the single criteria of sexuality. In fact, the exact same argument was once used

Gender Roles Of Women And Women - 1524 Words

Gender refers to the masculine and feminine attributes assigned to either sex. Culture and biology determine the moral, intellectual, and emotional differences between males and females. Biology partially determines gender constructions of men and women. A woman’s ability to conceive or a man’s natural strength are all examples of biological gender. However, I believe a larger proportion of personal gender is formulated through cultural believes and values. Cultures create gender through social practices such as education, employment, or child rearing. These activities slot men and women into different positions of power. Traditionally, wife and mother are roles accepted by the women, the men undertake roles such as wage earner and decision maker, accepting positions that are more powerful. Women and men accept personal moral, intellectual, and emotional characteristics to suit their designated roles. I will be discussing these topics from the ‘Taming of the Shrew’ which contextualizes gender surrounding marriage, ’10 Things I Hate about You’, providing insight into relationships and pressures of gender in our educational institutions or families and lastly, ‘Anchorman’ which establishes the roles of women and the gender constructions involved in the workforce, more specifically, the news station. ‘Taming of the Shrew’ is the first topic of discussion. Women, continuously objectified, are married and managed as a means of crediting dowry. They are intelligent and tutored inShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Of Women And Women1535 Words   |  7 PagesEveryday you hear women and men being compared in life. A majority of the time it is in a form of men being more superior than women rather it s stereotypes, appearances, or money; Men usually end up more dominant. Society tends to assume that men are more capable than women in all aspects throughout life. These postulations have commenced before we were even born. Men are expected to constantly be working and providing the home for the women and children; Women are assumed to be cleaning, cookingRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1630 Words   |  7 Pagesallow freedom for women, freedom for men, freedom from those sharply defined gender roles â€Å" (Fred Ward). I agree with this quote because in today’s so ciety gender defines the roles of what a male and a female can do. What is gender? Gender, according to the Merriam Webster dictionary, is the state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones). The term gender is only used when we describe how men and women are different in aRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1677 Words   |  7 PagesGender is one of the greatest factors that can determine how we define ourselves and others. Although gender is determined at birth for many, it does not influence one s identity of self until a later age. How society views the roles of each gender influences how a person views themselves. As the views changes, so does one’s identity. In the past, the roles of men and women were defined and separated. Men were expected to provide income for the family, while women were expected to take care of theRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1536 Words   |  7 PagesMen and women have very different expectations and roles in the work force. In the past almost all corporations have discriminated against gender, especially women. Whether it is women not being allowed certain positions and/or promotions at a job, or women not being allowed into the field of work that they desire at all. Women have also been discriminated by being payed lower wage and made to work longer hours in unsafe and unhealthy work environments. Gender roles set expectations that are extremelyRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1512 Words   |  7 Pages1.a Gender roles are how a society believes a man or women should act based on their gender. Each society has its own gender roles, where a man might be expected to do something in one society a woman might be expected to do it in another one. An example of gender roles affecting women is that women are expected to take care of the housework and so they do chores around the house even if they have a job. Men are expected to be the breadwinner and support his family financially. Men are not expectedRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women892 Words   |  4 Pages Gender roles are a set of behaviors that indicate that a person should fit in to a category of either being male or female. This is society’s concept of how men and women are expected to behave. These gender roles were commonly accepted before the twenty-first century. Society viewed males as being the main financial providers for their family whereas women were viewed as the maker of the home, raising and taking care their children. Men were expected to be strong, athletic,aggressive,and dominantRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women2066 Words   |  9 PagesThroughout history, gender roles were portrayed based on their physical appearance and the ability to do things. Men were always considered the caretakers and protectors of their homes and never had to worry about what kind of outfit they had to wear the next day. Men were free to roam around in whatever clothing that appealed to them and no one seemed to care. However, in the case of women, they were the ones who did the house work all day and if she wanted to get an education that was somethingRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women2359 Words   |  10 PagesMen and women are consistently sexualized and misrepresented in the media. These misrepresentations have serious implications on society and both sexes are constrained by these ideals. These ideal depictions of masculine and feminine are threatening to the already distorted gender roles. The media standards for beauty are outrageous and simply unattainable, putting immense pressure on women today. Moreover media targeting men present a constant theme of hyper masculinity that is normalized inRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1662 Words   |  7 Pages Gender Roles â€Å"Gender is the costume, a mask, a straightjacket in which men and women dance their unequal dance† (Kearl). Throughout history, women have been treated with unequal and unjust standards in comparison to their male counterparts. This paper will discuss gender roles in society and the stereotypes placed on men and women. As well as gender role development and the different influences that lead to these roles and stereotypes. Also, it will outline the history and progress of women’sRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women876 Words   |  4 PagesA gender role is simply a behavior that may be learned by a person that is so called â€Å"accepted† into society or a cultural normality. For example, men are known for supporting the family the most such as keeping the food on the table and being most of the income that comes into the household. Women on the other hand are normally looked upon as house cleaners, childcare givers, and less responsible jobs inside the house. Gender stereotypes are a little bit different; this is a way of seeing someone

Effective communication is factor of organizational - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about Effective communication is factor of organizational. Answer: Introduction Effective communication is a significant factor that determines organizational development, as effective communication provides an opportunity for the business organizations to perform the basic functions of management effortlessly and effectively. Poor communication in the business organizations leads to confused and frustrated employees because the employees lack suitable understanding about the organization and individual roles and responsibilities. Additionally, poor communication prohibits the exchange of ideas and information thereby, hampering the working culture of the organization (Russ et al., 2013). This report highlights the role of communication expert and analyzing the role of poor communication practices in organizational crisis and failures. I am to write an investigative report to the Chairperson of The New Zealand Society of Professional Communicators (NZSPC) Margaret Knowles that discusses the potential causes of poor public communication and assessing the risks of poor public communication. Additionally, the report also sheds light on the suitable recommendations for mitigating poor public communication. Causes of poor public communication Failure to establish effective communication leads to dissatisfied and disengages employees thereby, hampering the working environment. The potential causes of poor public communication include lack of leadership, unclear job roles and responsibilities, cultural diversity, personal issue and disengaged employees (Tschannen-Moran, 2014). Lack of leadership As commented by Driver (2013), leaders provide the direction to the individuals at workplace thereby, leading them to achieve success. Poor leadership skills lead to poor communication as the leaders fail to inspire and provide confidence to the employees. As the leaders are unable to clarify the queries of the employees, they are left in the dark. As the leaders are unable to communicate the organizational goals and objectives to the employees, the employees are unclear regarding what to achieve thereby, hampering workplace. Unclear job roles and responsibilities Communications help in ensuring a clear flow of information at workplace thereby, keeping track of finished and unfinished work. As commented by Zhang et al. (2014), it is the duty of the managers to communicate the roles and responsibilities of the individual employees. Thus, a poor communication leads to unclear job roles and responsibilities in the employees there, hampering their individual and organizational performances. Unclear job roles and responsibilities also result in overlapping activities performed by the employees thereby, hampering the progress of work. Cultural diversity The workplace consists of culturally diversified individuals that are a major cause of poor communication. The individuals face difficulties in keeping their personal agenda and cultural heritage behind while communicating with a culturally diversified workplace. As mentioned by Moran, Abramson and Moran (2014), cultural differences and individual cultural belief lead to poor public communication thereby, hampering individual and organizational performances. Disengaged employees It is essential for the human resource management to engage their employees successfully. This is because disengaged employees have insufficient knowledge and understanding of the organizational goals and objectives. As the employees lack adequate knowledge, they lack interest in work and limits communication that affects the workplace atmosphere (Bhuanaiah Raya, 2014). Personal issue It has been seen that personal issues and conflicts are one of the major causes of poor communication. The individuals face difficulty in keeping their personal agenda and ego aside thereby, leading to poor communication. Inability to understand the opinions and perspectives of the fellow individuals at the workplace without being patient leads too personal issues and conflicts that lead to poor communication (Yan et al., 2013). Figure 1: Causes of poor communication (Source: Yan et al., 2013) The above graph shows that lack of leadership is the potential cause of poor communication. Additional factors such as cultural diversity and interpersonal issues hamper communication between individuals due to which organizational performance is hampered. Risks of poor public communication Poor interpersonal relationships Ineffective communication leads to the poor interpersonal relationship among the employees. This is because the individuals prefer not to communicate with other individuals due to personal issues and conflicts. With time, the individuals tend to develop grudges against each other due to lack of communication. Additionally, the individuals also develop misconceptions and misunderstand the actions of the fellow individuals thereby, leading to poor interpersonal relationships. Lack of communication results in frequent conflicts, as the individuals fail to develop trust and strong relationship with others. They do not support each other at work thereby, giving rise to an unhealthy competitive working environment. Thus, the potential risk of poor public communication is poor interpersonal relationships that hamper organizational and individual performances (King et al., 2013). Demotivated employees It is essential for the human resource management to motivate the employees at regular intervals so that they stick to the organizational goals and objectives and works towards fulfilling them. As commented by Lundgren and McMakin (2013), lack of communication leads to demotivated workforce or employees that hampers the performances. Individuals can be motivated effectively by ensuring effective communication. Poor communication prevents the leaders to develop a successful relationship with the individuals. Additionally, lack of communication prevents the leaders to develop understanding about the situation of the individuals and understanding their problems. As a result, motivation is hampered thereby, leading to demotivated individuals or employees. Loss of business Communication is the key tool that determines the success of the business. As commented by Bovee, Thill and Raina (2016), poor communication results in loss of business for the business organizations. This is because the business organizations fail to understand to present needs and demands of the target customers. Lack of communication prevents the business organizations to develop in depth knowledge about the employees as well as the target customers. As a result, the business organizations are unable to develop products and services that fulfil the demands and needs of the customers thereby, failing to attract the target customers and business maximization. Unclear flow of information within organization Poor communication leads to the unclear flow of information within the organizations. This is because poor communication prohibits the individuals working in the business organization to communicate with each other. As a result, the individuals fail to share information and ideas that to fellow individuals that are significant for completion or achievement of tasks (Russ et al., 2013). Thus, the quality of the task is hampered, as the ineffective and poor communication is practiced within the business organizations. Additionally, the unclear flow of information within the business organization results in repetitive job roles and responsibilities among the employees. For instance, more than one employee performs similar tasks at the same time that is essential for completing the project successfully thereby, wasting time. Moreover, the unclear flow of information prohibits the individuals within the organization to keep track of the work completed and left. Figure 2: Risks of poor communication (Sources: Russ et al., 2013) The above graph shows that loss of business is the major loss that the business organization encounters due to poor communication. This is because lack of communication hampers clear flow of information within the business organization that prohibits the organizations to achieve goals and objectives successfully. In addition to, poor interpersonal relationships, demotivated employees are also the potential risks of poor communication. Recommendations for improving communication It is essential for the business organizations to improve their organizational communication, as this ensures successful business and ability to sustain in the competitive market. The suitable recommendations for improving poor communication within the business organizations include: Issue: Unclear flow of information Recommendation 1: Conducting regular meetings Regular meetings will help in improving poor communication, as this will influence frequent interaction among the employees. Additionally, regular meetings will make the employees comfortable with each other thereby, facilitating sharing required ideas and information (Shockley-Zalabak, 2014). Recommendation 2: Encouraging sharing of information The managers and the leaders will have to encourage the individuals in the organizations for sharing information. This can be achieved by letting them know the advantages of effective communication in achieving better organizational and individual performances. Issue: Poor interpersonal relationships Recommendation 1: Active listening Active listening will also help in improving poor communication, as this will provide an opportunity for the individuals to understand the viewpoint and perspective of the other party before making their stand. Recommendation 2: Using multiple channels for communication Poor communication can also be improved by communicating through multiple channels. The business organizations can use meetings, face-to-face talks, telephone, emails and texts to communicate the messages to the respective individual. Issue: Demotivated employees Recommendation 1: Repeating significant messages Poor communication can also be improved by repeating the significant messages. It might happen that the individuals forget significant information thereby, hampering work. Thus, repeating the significant messages by setting reminders can help in improving poor communication. Recommendation 2: Providing effective leadership Effective leadership will help in improving poor communication, as the leaders will motivate the employees to communicate with each other that will help in building a strong relationship at the workplace and working together towards fulfilling the organizational goals and objectives. Conclusion In this investigative report, it can be concluded that communication is the key factor that determines the success of the business organizations. Failure to ensure effective communication prevents the business organizations to achieve competitive advantage and sustain in the market, as the clear flow of information and sharing of ideas is prevented. The potential causes of poor public communication include lack of effective leadership, unclear job roles and responsibilities, cultural diversity, personal issue and disengaged employees. As a result, the individuals are unable to grow the strong relationship with each other thereby, giving rise to the unhealthy competitive working environment. The causes of poor communication impose potential risks for the business organizations such as poor interpersonal relationships, demotivated employees, and loss of business and unclear flow of information within the organization. As a result, the business organizations tend to lose competitive adv antage and sustain in the competitive market. Moreover, with time, poor communication leads to ineffective employee performance, as they feel demotivated and disengaged. The suitable recommendations for improving poor communication includes regular meetings, encouraging sharing of information, active listening, using multiple channels, effective leadership and repeating significant messages by setting reminders. References Bhuvanaiah, T., Raya, R. P. (2014). Employee engagement: Key to organizational success.SCMS journal of Indian Management,11(4), 61. Bovee, C. L., Thill, J. V., Raina, R. L. (2016).Business communication today. Pearson Education India. Driver, M. (2013). The lack of power or the power of lack in leadership as a discursively constructed identity.Organization Studies,34(3), 407-422. King, B. J., Gilmore?Bykovskyi, A. L., Roiland, R. A., Polnaszek, B. E., Bowers, B. J., Kind, A. J. (2013). The consequences of poor communication during transitions from hospital to skilled nursing facility: a qualitative study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,61(7), 1095-1102. Lundgren, R. E., McMakin, A. H. (2013).Risk communication: A handbook for communicating environmental, safety, and health risks. John Wiley Sons. Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., Moran, S. V. (2014).Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Russ, S., Rout, S., Sevdalis, N., Moorthy, K., Darzi, A., Vincent, C. (2013). Do safety checklists improve teamwork and communication in the operating room? A systematic review.Annals of surgery,258(6), 856-871. Russ, S., Rout, S., Sevdalis, N., Moorthy, K., Darzi, A., Vincent, C. (2013). Do safety checklists improve teamwork and communication in the operating room? A systematic review.Annals of surgery,258(6), 856-871. Shockley-Zalabak, P. (2014).Fundamentals of organizational communication. Pearson. Tschannen-Moran, M. (2014).Trust matters: Leadership for successful schools. John Wiley Sons. Yan, Y., Qian, Y., Sharif, H., Tipper, D. (2013). A survey on smart grid communication infrastructures: Motivations, requirements and challenges.IEEE communications surveys tutorials,15(1), 5-20. Zhang, Y., LePine, J. A., Buckman, B. R., Wei, F. (2014). It's not fair or is it? The role of justice and leadership in explaining work stressorjob performance relationships.Academy of Management Journal,57(3), 675-697.

Urban Problems Enlargement of Urban Areas

When it comes to discussing the significance of how modern societies develop, one can hardly skip mentioning such important aspects of this development as the ‘urban sprawl’ and ‘motorization’. The first of these terms is being concerned with the process of urban areas growing progressively larger (Gonzalez, 2005). Even though that the earlier mentioned process benefits people in a variety of different ways, there are also a number of drawbacks to it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Problems: Enlargement of Urban Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In my paper, I will aim to identify the apparent problems, associated with an ongoing enlargement of urban areas, and to come up with recommendations, as to how these problems can be addressed. In particular, I will focus on discussing the associated issues of global warming, the acuteness of the related health-problems and the proces s of urban communities growing increasingly secluded, in the social sense of this word. As of today, it became clear to just about anyone that the ‘urban sprawl’ and ‘motorization’ do contribute to global warming rather substantially. This is because one of the foremost aspects of the urban communities’ expansion has always been the ever-increased amount of carbon dioxide, emitted into the atmosphere. The most logical way to tackle this particular problem can be best discussed within the context of what may account for the environmental effects of the invention of qualitatively new energy-technologies. According to the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), it is specifically the eventual emergence of these technologies, which is being capable of improving the situation, in this respect. In particular, we can well point out at nuclear power-plants, as such that are being capable of supplying large cities with a plenty of power, without contributing excessively to the pollution of the natural environment (Dryzek, 1987 cited in Gonzalez, 2005). Another way of addressing the issue is the deployment of the so-called Environmentally Sensitive Land Management (ESLM), as the instrument of increasing the extent of the urban communities’ energetic sustainability. The integral elements of the ESLM’s discursive paradigm include: improving the efficiency of a land-usage, increasing the proximity between residential and business areas and designing more spatially-efficient living spaces. There is, of course, a number of methodologically different approaches to address the issue of improving the functional sustainability of urban areas, such as the one offered by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. However, given the fact that these approaches are being concerned with the application of rather indirect procedural methodologies towards tackling the issue in question, it is namely the observance of the ESLMà ¢â‚¬â„¢s provisions, which appears to be more discursively appropriate, in this respect.Advertising Looking for essay on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The segregation of urban communities, which directly derives out of the ‘urban sprawl’ and ‘motorization’, constitutes another major problem. As it was pointed out by Martin (2007), as time goes on, the residents of urban areas are growing increasing stratified along class-lines, which in turn is being reflected by the socially underprivileged people’s inability to afford buying cars. Potentially, this can well lead towards the deterioration of the public transportation system. After all, municipal managers have traditionally considered the cost of ensuring that all the residents (regardless of the specifics of their class-affiliation) are able to commute between their homes and their workplaces, as being particularly high. This proble m, however, can be well managed, if those in charge of planning the stages of an urban development, adopt a qualitatively innovative approach towards addressing the situation. For example, municipal managers can take a practical advantage of the so-called ‘mixed building’ developmental paradigm, which applies certain restrictions to the size of parking lots in residential areas (Portland: A sense of space, 2009). From the perspective of accounts for the present challenges of an urban planning, the deployment of the ‘mixed building’ methodology towards increasing the extent of the urban communities’ functional integrity, appears thoroughly justified. One of the commonly overlooked challenges of an urban living is the fact that, even though people that reside in suburban areas do benefit from their off-work exposure to the comparatively clean natural environment, they usually experience a number of mental anxieties, related to the challenges of having to commute from home to work on a daily basis (Frumkin, 2001). This, of course, is being counterproductive to their physical/mental health. In addition, the earlier mentioned qualitative aspects of the urban areas’ expansion are being potentially capable of causing urban residents to face additional existential hardships, such as their constant exposure to the traffic-noise (Martin, 2007). Hence, the concept of ‘telecommuting’, which is being referred to as such that may well result in the substantial reduction of CO2 emissions, on the one hand, and in reducing the acuteness of stresses, associated with the conventional ways of commuting, on the other (McCartney, 2009). This, of course, implies that there is indeed a good rationale in believing that, while living in efficiently designed cities/suburbias, people will be able to benefit in a variety of different ways. The validity of this statement can be additionally illustrated in regards to the practice of locat ing convenience stores in the near proximity to transit-stops, deployed by the municipal officials in Portland (Oregon), which allowed them to significantly reduce the amount of a ‘grocery-shopping’ traffic in late hours.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Problems: Enlargement of Urban Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, it will be fully appropriate, on my part, to conclude this paper by stressing out once again the importance of observing the principles of a functional efficiency, when it comes to exercising a control over the process of urban areas growing progressively enlarged. In this respect, the practical utilization of the ‘mixed building’ developmental methodology appears to be the most discursively appropriate, because it takes into consideration both: the environmental and functional aspects of the earlier mentioned process. References Frumkin, H. (2001). â€Å" Urban sprawl and public health† In Public Health Reports  Vol. 117. Gonzalez, G. (2005). Urban sprawl, global warming and the limits of ecological modernization. Environmental Politics. 14 (3), 334–362. Martin, G. (2007). Motorization, social ecology and China. Area, 39 (1), 66-73. McCartney, D. (2009). From urban sprawl to sustainable urban village. Public Broadcasting Service. (2009, January 6). Portland: A sense of place  [Television documentary]. USA. This essay on Urban Problems: Enlargement of Urban Areas was written and submitted by user Viviana Ramsey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.